There may be times when you are working in the Linux terminal and suddenly see the “can’t set the locale” error and see some mysterious characters like “��”. This error occurs due to misconfigured or missing UTF-8 encoding support in Linux. UTF-8 locale support becomes necessary when you are using a language other than English or using emojis. So in this article, we will first explain what is UTF-8, and then show how to enable UTF-8 support in Linux in case it’s missing.
What Does UTF-8 Mean?
UTF-8 stands for “UCS Transformation Format 8,” and it is the most common form of character encoding for Unicode. Here, each unique character is mapped to one-byte units. And since one byte consists of 8 bits, thus, UTF includes “-8” in its name. These bytes are finally interpreted by the language processor into binary for the processor to understand our human language.
What Does UTF-8 Mean?How to Enable UTF-8 Locale in Linux
Installing locale PackageSetting the Correct Locale (UTF-8)Make locale Changes PermanentVerify the Changes Made
Installing locale PackageSetting the Correct Locale (UTF-8)Make locale Changes PermanentVerify the Changes Made
Installing locale Package
The locale package is usually installed during the installation of your Linux distro, but sometimes, it can get corrupted and show some errors to use. If you are facing issues, we first suggest pasting the below command in the Linux Terminal to check if the locale package is installed on your computer:
If the local package is installed on your system, you will get a similar output as below:
If you get any errors or missing values in the output, then you need to install the locales package using the command below. Then, you can manually enable support for UTF-8 in Linux.
Once you have installed the package, you need to regenerate the locales to enable UTF-8 support via the below command in the Linux terminal:
The above command is used to regenerate the locales for all the languages available. Move down the list using the arrow keys and select your preferred UTF – 8 locales to enable. We have selected “en_US.UTF-8” (English UTF-8) in this tutorial.
Next, set the default locale as “en_US.UTF-8” and hit Enter. This will regenerate the selected UTF-8 locale in your Linux Terminal.
Make locale Changes Permanent
- After the above command has finished regenerating the locale, open the .bashrc file using this command in the Terminal:
export LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8export LANG=<chosen_utf8_locale>export LANGUAGE=<default_utf8_locale>
- After adding these, you need to exit the vim editor. For that, you first need to press the “Esc” key and then type “:w” to save and exit the file.
After going through so many steps, you must be skeptical about whether UTF – 8 support for the Linux terminal has been enabled or not. To verify the changes, run the locale command in the Terminal. You will now see the changes you made to the .bashrc configuration file. Finally, reboot the system to have the UTF-8 locale support come into effect.
